Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Yokohama City University)

The  tibias and femurs of 8-week-old Wistar rats were dissected, the ends of the bones were cut, and the marrow was flushed out with  DMEM, using a needle and syringe. Flushed bone marrow cells were plated on a tissue culture flask and cultured in DMEM supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS, 10%).