Bone marrow-derived cells on scaffold for treatment of chronic renal failure

The aim of the study was to examine whether (1) the use of bovine pericardium (BP) as a scaffold for cell therapy retards the progression of chronic renal failure and (2) the efficacy of cell therapy differentially impacts the distinct stages of chronic renal failure. 2/3 and 5/6 renal mass reduction models were used to simulate different stages of chronicity. Bone marrow-derived cells (mononuclear and mesencymal stromal cells) implanted in the renal parenchyma of nephrectomized rats reduced glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltration. Subsequently, there was decreased macrophage accumulation, increase in proliferative activity and induction of the expression of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle-actin.