EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT & STEM CELL COMPENDIUM
Content

Appendix 2. Germ Layer Derivatives

Review of MEDICAL EMBRYOLOGY Book by BEN PANSKY, Ph.D, M.D.
Appendix 1. Correlated Human Development
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Appendix 3. Critical Periods of Human Development (sensitivity to Teratogens)
  1. Ectoderm
    1. SURFACE ECTODERM
      1. Epidermis
      2. Hair and nails
      3. Cutaneous and mammary glands
      4. Anterior pituitary gland
      5. Enamel of teeth
      6. Inner ear
      7. Lens of eye
    2. NEUROECTODERM
      1. Neural crest origin
        1. Cranial and sensory ganglia and nerves
        2. Medulla of adrenal gland
        3. Pigment cells
      2. Neural tube origin

        3. Central nervous system

        Retina of eye

        Pineal body (gland)

        Posterior pituitary gland

  2. Mesoderm
    1. HEAD MESODERM
      1. Skull
      2. Muscles and connective tissue of head
      3. Dentine of teeth
    2. PARAXIAL MESODERM
      1. Muscles of trunk
      2. Skeleton, except for skull
      3. Dermis of skin
      4. Connective tissue
    3. INTERMEDIATE MESODERM
      1. Urogenital system
        1. Includes the gonads, ducts, and accessory glands
    4. LATERAL PLATE MESODERM
      1. Connective tissue and muscles (smooth and cardiac) of the viscera
      2. Serous membranes of pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum
      3. Blood and lymph cells
      4. Cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
      5. The spleen
      6. The adrenal cortex
      7. Bone marrow
  1. Endoderm
    1. A EPITHELIAL PARTS OF
      1. The larynx and trachea
      2. The bronchi
      3. The lungs
      4. The pharynx
      5. The thyroid gland
      6. The tympanic cavity
      7. The pharyngotympanic (eustachian) tube
      8. The tonsils
      9. The parathyroid glands
    2. EPITHELIUM OF
      1. The gastrointestinal tract and its glands
      2. The liver
      3. The pancreas
      4. The urinary bladder
      5. The urachus
      6. Vagina and vestibule
      7. Urethra and glands

        8.
Appendix 1. Correlated Human Development
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Appendix 3. Critical Periods of Human Development (sensitivity to Teratogens)
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